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RESEARCH ARCHIVE

Research Articles

Articles related to: anxiety, anxiety disorder, anxiety disorders, anxiety-disorders-in-children-and-adolescents, generalized anxiety disorder

Research Articles

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anxiety anxiety disorder anxiety disorders anxiety-disorders-in-children-and-adolescents generalized anxiety disorder
ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Comparison of Stress, Anxiety and Depression in Preclinical and Clinical Dental Students

Yohana Yusra, Indrayadi Gunardi, Wiwiek Poedjiastoeti, Anggraeny Putri Sekar Palupi, Ade Prijanti Dwisaptarini, Jamison Wijaya, Elizabeth Fitriana Sari
Objective To compare factors correlating with stress, anxiety, and depression between dental students (DS) in preclinical (PP) and clinical programs (CP). Method This study involved 165 DS, utilizing the DASS-21, GAD-7, PSS-10, and PHQ-9 assessments....
Psychopharmacology Bulletin 55(4): 55-67, 2025/07/04
Pages 55-67 Read Article
LETTER TO THE EDITOR

Before Attributing Catatonia to Autism with Anxiety, All Other Causes should be Carefully Excluded, Especially in a Patient with Meningioma

João Gama Marques, Josef Finsterer
We recently read an interesting case report in your Journal about the complete disappearance of catatonia after a single intravenous lorazepam challenge test in a patient with autistic features and a small meningioma.1 We would...
Psychopharmacology Bulletin 55(2): 110-111, 2025/02/03
Pages 110-111 Read Article
REVIEW ARTICLE

Stellate Ganglion Blocks for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Review of Mechanisms, Efficacy, and Complications

Jamal Hasoon, Sana Sultana, Aila Malik, Patrick Brown, Alexa Ryder, Christopher L Robinson, Ivan Urits, Giustino Varrassi, Omar Viswanath
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) stands as a pervasive psychiatric condition, exerting a profound impact on millions across the globe. Despite the availability of traditional therapeutic modalities, many individuals continue to grapple with suboptimal treatment outcomes,...
Psychopharmacology Bulletin 54(4): 106-118, 2024/08/19
Pages 106-118 Read Article
REVIEW ARTICLE

The Ham-D is not Hamilton’s Depression Scale

Leon I Rosenberg
Introduction This article will demonstrate that the most widely used versions of the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) used in randomized clinical trials, the Guy 1976 HAM-D 1 and the SIGH-D, 2 have response...
Psychopharmacology Bulletin 52(2): 117-153, 2022/05/31
Pages 117-153 Read Article
REVIEW ARTICLE

Cannabis Use and its Association with Psychological Disorders

Ivan Urits, Kyle Gress, Karina Charipova, Nathan Li, Amnon A. Berger, Elyse M. Cornett, Jamal Hasoon, Hisham Kassem, Alan D. Kaye, Omar Viswanath
Purpose of Review: This is a comprehensive review of the association between cannabis use and psychological disorders. It reviews the latest and seminal evidence that is available and attempts to conclude the strength of such...
Psychopharmacology Bulletin 50(2): 56-67, 2020/05/19
Pages 56-67 Read Article
ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Asenapine in the Treatment of Bipolar Depression

Rif S. El-Mallakh, Sharon Nuss, Dong Gao, Yonglin Gao, Surriya Colleen Ahmad, Clare Schrodt, Caleb Adler
Objectives: Asenapine, a potent serotonin 7 (5-HT 7 ) receptor antagonist, was examined for efficacy as an antidepressant in depressed bipolar subjects. It was predicted that subjects with the genetic variant of the short form...
Psychopharmacology Bulletin 50(1): 8-18, 2020/03/12
Pages 8-18 Read Article
EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE

A Pilot Evaluating Clinical Pharmacy Services in an Ambulatory Psychiatry Setting

Valerie A. Lindell, Nicole L. Stencel, Rachel C. Ives, Kristen M. Ward, Thomas Fluent, Hae Mi Choe, Jolene R. Bostwick
Objectives A pilot of clinical services provided by psychiatric clinical pharmacists in an outpatient clinic are described and evaluated. The primary objective was to evaluate the difference in change of Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9 and/or...
Psychopharmacology Bulletin 48(2): 18-28, 2018/02/05
Pages 18-28 Read Article
ORIGINAL PRESENTATIONS

Single Dose and Repeat Once-Daily Dose Safety, Tolerability and Pharmacokinetics of Valbenazine in Healthy Male Subjects

Rosa Luo, Haig Bozigian, Roland Jimenez, Gordon Loewen, Christopher F. O’Brien
Valbenazine (VBZ) is a vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) inhibitor approved for the treatment of tardive dyskinesia. The safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics of VBZ following single and repeat once-daily (QD) dosing were evaluated in 2...
Psychopharmacology Bulletin 47(3): 44-52, 2017/08/01
Pages 44-52 Read Article
ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Extended Release Quetiapine Fumarate (Quetiapine XR) as Adjunct Therapy in Patients with Generalized Anxiety Disorder and a History of Inadequate Treatment Response: A Randomized, Double-Blind Study

Arifulla Khan, Sarah Atkinson, Irina Mezhebovsky, Fahua She, Todd Leathers, Sanjeev Pathak
Objective To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of adjunct extended release quetiapine fumarate (quetiapine XR) in patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and inadequate response to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors/ serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SSRI/SNRIs)....
Psychopharmacology Bulletin 44(2): 5-31, 2011/05/15
Pages 5-31 Read Article
ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Predictors of Non-Stabilization during the Combination Therapy of Lithium and Divalproex in Rapid Cycling Bipolar Disorder: A Post-hoc Analysis of Two Studies

Keming Gao, David E. Kemp, Zuowei Wang, Stephen J. Ganocy, Carla Conroy, Marry Beth Serrano, Martha Sajatovic, Robert L. Findling, Joseph R. Calabrese
To study predictors of non-stabilization (i.e., not bimodally stabilized for randomization or not randomized due to premature discontinuation) during open-label treatment with lithium and divalproex in patients with rapid-cycling bipolar disorder (RCBD) with or without...
Psychopharmacology Bulletin 41(1): 23-38, 2010/05/21
Pages 23-38 Read Article
ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Differential Efficacy of Memantine for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder vs. Generalized Anxiety Disorder: An Open-Label Trial

Jamie D. Feusner, Lauren Kerwin, Sanjaya Saxena, Alexander Bystritsky
Objective: A substantial proportion of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) do not respond to, or are intolerant of, standard treatments. Additional treatment strategies are therefore necessary. Excessive action of the...
Psychopharmacology Bulletin 42(1): 81-93, 2009/02/03
Pages 81-93 Read Article
EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE

A Major Change of Prescribing Pattern in Absence of Adequate Evidence: Benzodiazepines Versus Newer Antidepressants in Anxiety Disorders

Patricia Berney, Demian Halperin, Rodrigo Tango, Isabelle Daeniker-Dayer, Pierre Schulz
We performed a systematic review of controlled trials on anxiety disorders treatment (generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, social phobia, and post-traumatic stress disorder) published from 1980 to 2006, and identified trials comparing the efficacy of...
Psychopharmacology Bulletin 41(3): 39-47, 2008/07/28
Pages 39-47 Read Article
EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE

Psychometric Evaluation of a Patient-Rated Troubling Symptom Scale for Generalized Anxiety Disorder Clinical Trials

Gahan J. Pandina, Dennis A. Revicki, Leah Kleinman, Ibrahim Turkoz, Jasmanda Wu, Ramy Mahmoud, Georges M. Gharabawi
The majority of clinical outcome assessments developed for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) may not efficiently and sensitively reflect heterogeneous symptom clusters from a patient perspective. The Patient-Rated Troubling Symptoms Scale for Anxiety (PaRTS-A) instrument was...
Psychopharmacology Bulletin 41(2): 68-90, 2008/07/28
Pages 68-90 Read Article
ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Switching from Other Agents to Extended-Release Carbamazepine in Acute Mania

Alexander Bystritsky, MD, Lauren Kerwin, BA, Jamie D. Feusner, MD, and Tanya Vapnik, PhD
To compare the efficacy and safety of bupropion XL (150–300 mg/day) with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor escitalopram (10–20 mg/day) in outpatients diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Methods: Twenty-four participants with GAD between 18...
Psychopharmacology Bulletin 41(1): 52-58, 2008/02/12
Pages 52-58 Read Article
NEGATIVE AND FAILED TRIAL REPORTS

An Open-Label Study of Tiagabine in Panic Disorder

David V. Sheehan, M.D., M.B.A, Kathy Harnett Sheehan, Ph.D, B. Ashok Raj, M.D, Juris Janavs, M.D
γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) has been implicated in the pathophysiology of anxiety disorders, including panic. Tiagabine, a selective GABA reuptake inhibitor (SGRI), has been shown to reduce symptoms of anxiety. This pilot study evaluated the efficacy...
Psychopharmacology Bulletin 40(3): 32-40, 2007/11/06
Pages 32-40 Read Article
BRAIN IMAGING

Fear, Anxiety, and the Neuroimaging of PTSD

Eileen P. Ahearn, MD, PhD, Timothy Juergens, MD, Tracey Smith, PhD, Dean Krahn, MD, MS, and Ned Kalin, MD
The clinical manifestations of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) include both fear and anxiety symptoms. Animal studies provide significant information about the neurobiological pathways involved in fear and anxiety and are relevant to the study of...
Psychopharmacology Bulletin 40(3): 82-97, 2007/11/06
Pages 82-97 Read Article
NEGATIVE AND FAILED TRIAL REPORTS

Adjunctive Risperidone in the Treatment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder: A Double-Blind, Prospective, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Trial

Gahan J. Pandina, PhD, Carla M. Canuso, MD, Ibrahim Turkoz, MS, Mary Kujawa, MD, PhD, Ramy A. Mahmoud, MD, MPH
Background: Residual symptoms despite treatment are common in generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The Patient-Rated Troubling Symptoms for Anxiety (PaRTS-A) is a newly created and validated instrument that measures the symptoms most troublesome to each individual...
Psychopharmacology Bulletin 40(3): 41-54, 2007/11/06
Pages 41-54 Read Article
EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE

Current Approaches to the Pharmacologic Treatment of Anxiety Disorders

David V. Sheehan, MD, MBA, and Kathy Harnett Sheehan, PhD
Despite their high prevalence, the anxiety disorders are underdiagnosed and undertreated. Benzodiazepines, once the first line of treatment, have been superseded by SSRIs as the treatment of choice. Preclinical studies, however, suggest that CRF antagonists...
Psychopharmacology Bulletin 40(1): 98-109, 2007/01/19
Pages 98-109 Read Article

Late-Life Anxiety Disorders

Carl Salzman, MD
The prevalence, natural course, risk profile, and treatment of anxiety disorders in the elderly are remarkably understudied. Anxiety disorders are less prevalent in the elderly than in younger adults, but rates of subsyndromal anxiety disorders...
Psychopharmacology Bulletin 38(Suppl. 1): 25-30, 2004/03/24
Pages 25-30 Read Article

Unmet Needs in the Treatment of Anxiety Disorders

Mark H. Pollack, MD
There are a number of unmet needs in the treatment of anxiety disorders including the need for more effective, rapidly acting, and better tolerated medications; early identification of nonresponse; effective treatments for refractory disorders; prevention...
Psychopharmacology Bulletin 38(Suppl. 1): 31-37, 2004/03/24
Pages 31-37 Read Article

Drug Development for Anxiety Disorders: New Roles for Atypical Antipsychotics

William H. Carson, MD, Hisashi Kitagawa, PhD, and Charles B. Nemeroff, MD, PhD
Anxiety disorders are prevalent and frequently comorbid with depression. Rates of response and remission for anxiety disorders are low despite marked improvements in treatment in the past several decades. Antidepressants and anxiolytics remain the most...
Psychopharmacology Bulletin 38(Suppl. 1): 38-45, 2004/03/24
Pages 38-45 Read Article
DRUG DISPOSITION & PHARMACOKINETICS

Bupropion Sustained Release for Panic Disorder

Naomi M. Simon, MD, Naresh Emmanuel, MD, James Ballenger, MD, John J. Worthington, MD, Gustavo Kinrys, MD, Nicole B. Korbly, BA, Frank J. Farach, BA, and Mark H. Pollack, MD
Despite anecdotal reports suggesting that bupropion may be effective for panic disorder, both clinical lore and the results of one small controlled study suggest otherwise. There remains a paucity of systematic prospective data addressing this...
Psychopharmacology Bulletin 37(4): 66-72, 2004/02/27
Pages 66-72 Read Article
GENERAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY

The Role of GABA in the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Anxiety Disorders

Charles B. Nemeroff, MD, PhD
Mechanisms underlying the pathological characteristics of the various anxiety disorders have yet to be fully elucidated. One of the most widely accepted mediators known to play a central role in the pathophysiology of anxiety disorders...
Psychopharmacology Bulletin 37(4): 133-146, 2004/02/27
Pages 133-146 Read Article

Paroxetine Treatment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder

David V. Sheehan, MD, MBA, and C. Gloria Mao, PharmD
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a prevalent and disabling anxiety disorder, conservatively believed to affect at least 5% of the general population. Cardinal symptoms of GAD include chronic and uncontrollable worry, anxiety, and tension, which...
Psychopharmacology Bulletin 37(Suppl. 1): 64-74, 2003/04/22
Pages 64-74 Read Article

Neurobiology and Mechanisms of Antidepressant Treatment Response in Anxiety

Philip T. Ninan, MD, Sarah A. Feigon, PhD, and Bettina Knight, RN
The functional anatomy of anxiety focuses on a central fear response system, with the amygdala serving as a pivotal hub. Critical to understanding the different forms of human anxiety is the relationship of the amygdala...
Psychopharmacology Bulletin 36(Suppl. 3): 67-77, 2002/11/20
Pages 67-77 Read Article

New Developments in Depression and Anxiety Disorders

Charles B. Nemeroff, MD, PhD
Burgeoning advances in the neurosciences have been increasingly applied to psychopharmacology, and the reports that follow provide a glimpse into this process. Several of the leading investigators on the cutting edge of this rapidly evolving...
Psychopharmacology Bulletin 36(Suppl. 3): 5-6, 2002/11/20
Pages 5-6 Read Article

New Advances in the Management of Anxiety Disorders

Mark H. Pollack, MD
Anxiety disorders are highly prevalent and associated with significant symptomatic distress, increased morbidity, and increased mortality. Although efficacious pharmacologic and psychosocial therapies for anxiety disorders are available, many patients who improve with treatment remain at...
Psychopharmacology Bulletin 36(Suppl. 3): 79-93, 2002/11/20
Pages 79-93 Read Article

Unraveling the Diagnostic Clues of Depression and GAD: The Primary Care Challenge

Johan A. den Boer, MD; Dwight L. Evans, MD; Sing Lee, MD, PhD; and Rafael Salin-Pascual, MD
Anxiety and depression are commonly encountered in primary care, with a prevalence ranging from 5% to 10%. These disorders are associated with significant and persistent impairment in functioning, risk of suicide, and substantial economic cost....
Psychopharmacology Bulletin 36(Suppl. 2): 150-157, 2002/10/02
Pages 150-157 Read Article

Generalized Anxiety Disorder: Raising the Expectations of Treatment

Christer Allgulander, MD; and David V. Sheehan, MD, MBA
Anxiety disorders are prevalent and associated with an increase in morbidity and mortality, particularly when present with additional psychiatric disorders. They represent a public health and economic burden, yet they are commonly underrecognized and undertreated....
Psychopharmacology Bulletin 36(Suppl. 2): 68-78, 2002/10/02
Pages 68-78 Read Article

New Developments in the Neurobiological Basis of Anxiety Disorders

Jack M. Gorman, MD; Robert M. A. Hirschfeld, MD; and Philip T. Ninan, MD
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a chronic disorder that often precedes the development of, and is comorbid with, depression. Investigation of the neurobiological basis of GAD has provided suggestive evidence implicating dysfunction of serotonergic and...
Psychopharmacology Bulletin 36(Suppl. 2): 49-67, 2002/10/01
Pages 49-67 Read Article

Can We Distinguish Anxiety From Depression?

David S. Baldwin, FRCPsych; Dwight L. Evans, MD; Robert M. A. Hirschfeld, MD; and Siegfried Kasper, MD
It is becoming increasingly apparent that although anxiety and depression are separate syndromes and can be identified as such, there is considerable overlap of clinical symptoms and pathophysiological processes. Data indicate that comorbid anxiety and...
Psychopharmacology Bulletin 36(Suppl. 2): 158-165, 2002/10/01
Pages 158-165 Read Article
GENERAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY

Citalopram for the Treatment of Adolescent Anxiety Disorders: A Pilot Study

Jefferson B. Prince, MD, Jeff Q. Bostic, MD, EdD, Michael Monuteaux, BS, Kenneth Brown, MD, MPH, and Suzanne Place, LPN
Charts of 17 adolescent patients treated naturalistically with citalopram for various anxiety disorders were reviewed. Patients were retrospectively assessed using the Clinical Global Impression (CGI)-Severity scale at the beginning and end of treatment. Eighty-two percent...
Psychopharmacology Bulletin 36(3): 100-107, 2002/07/15
Pages 100-107 Read Article
GENERAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY

The 5-HT1B Receptor: Behavioral Implications

Michael S. Clark, MD, PhD, and John F. Neumaier, MD, PhD
5-HT1B receptors are expressed throughout the mammalian central nervous system. These receptors are located in the axon terminals of both serotonergic and nonserotonergic neurons, where they act as inhibitory autoreceptors or heteroreceptors, respectively. 5-HT1B receptors...
Psychopharmacology Bulletin 35(4): 170-185, 2001/10/15
Pages 170-185 Read Article